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char = a;code = 97
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char = l;code = 108
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char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
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result sql = This study characterizes the elastic fiber structure within the aortic valve spongiosa, the middle layer of the tri-laminate leaflet. The layer is rich in glycosaminoglycans and proteoglycans, through which it resists compression and lubricates shear between the outer layers. Elastin in this layer forms a fine, interweaving structure, yet it is unclear how this particular structure, which uses elasticity to preload the leaflet, assists spongiosa function. In this study, immunohistochemistry (IHC) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) are used to characterize spongiosa elastin, as well as investigate regional differences in structure. IHC for elastin highlights an intermediate structure which varies in thickness and density between regions. In particular, the spongiosa elastin is thicker in the hinge and coaptation region than in the belly. SEM of NaOH-digested leaflets shows a rectilinear pattern of elastic fibers in the hinge and coaptation region, as opposed to a radially oriented stripe pattern in the belly. In conclusion, elastic fibers in the spongiosa connect the two outer layers and vary regionally in structure, while possibly playing a role in responding to regionally specific loading patterns.
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char = c;code = 99
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char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
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result sql = Elastic fibers in the aortic valve spongiosa: a fresh perspective on its structure and role in overall tissue function.
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char = s;code = 115
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char = s;code = 115
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char = s;code = 115
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char = i;code = 105
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char = s;code = 115
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char = e;code = 101
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char = a;code = 97
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char = f;code = 102
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char = e;code = 101
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char = s;code = 115
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char = t;code = 116
char = u;code = 117
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char = ;code = 32
char = I;code = 73
char = H;code = 72
char = C;code = 67
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
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char = t;code = 116
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char = h;code = 104
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char = t;code = 116
char = u;code = 117
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char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
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char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = k;code = 107
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char = s;code = 115
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char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
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char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
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char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = g;code = 103
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
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char = I;code = 73
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
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char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
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char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = k;code = 107
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
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char = a;code = 97
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char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = a;code = 97
char = p;code = 112
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char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = g;code = 103
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = S;code = 83
char = E;code = 69
char = M;code = 77
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = N;code = 78
char = a;code = 97
char = O;code = 79
char = H;code = 72
char = -;code = 45
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char = i;code = 105
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
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char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = f;code = 102
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = w;code = 119
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = a;code = 97
char = p;code = 112
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = g;code = 103
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = I;code = 73
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = l;code = 108
char = u;code = 117
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = w;code = 119
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = y;code = 121
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = v;code = 118
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = g;code = 103
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = u;code = 117
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = b;code = 98
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = y;code = 121
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = g;code = 103
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = i;code = 105
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = a;code = 97
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = .;code = 46
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
char = /;code = 47
char = >;code = 62
result sql = This study characterizes the elastic fiber structure within the aortic valve spongiosa, the middle layer of the tri-laminate leaflet. The layer is rich in glycosaminoglycans and proteoglycans, through which it resists compression and lubricates shear between the outer layers. Elastin in this layer forms a fine, interweaving structure, yet it is unclear how this particular structure, which uses elasticity to preload the leaflet, assists spongiosa function. In this study, immunohistochemistry (IHC) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) are used to characterize spongiosa elastin, as well as investigate regional differences in structure. IHC for elastin highlights an intermediate structure which varies in thickness and density between regions. In particular, the spongiosa elastin is thicker in the hinge and coaptation region than in the belly. SEM of NaOH-digested leaflets shows a rectilinear pattern of elastic fibers in the hinge and coaptation region, as opposed to a radially oriented stripe pattern in the belly. In conclusion, elastic fibers in the spongiosa connect the two outer layers and vary regionally in structure, while possibly playing a role in responding to regionally specific loading patterns.
Publication: Acta Biomater 2011 May ;7(5)::2101-8. :doi: 10.1016/j.actbio.2011.01.022.
Publication Date: 2011 May
Study Author(s): Tseng, H;Grande-Allen, K J;
Institution: Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77251-1892, USA. [email protected]
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Publication Date: 2011 May
Study Author(s): Tseng, H;Grande-Allen, K J;
Institution: Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77251-1892, USA. [email protected]
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This study characterizes the elastic fiber structure within the aortic valve spongiosa, the middle layer of the tri-laminate leaflet. The layer is rich in glycosaminoglycans and proteoglycans, through which it resists compression and lubricates shear between the outer layers. Elastin in this layer forms a fine, interweaving structure, yet it is unclear how this particular structure, which uses elasticity to preload the leaflet, assists spongiosa function. In this study, immunohistochemistry (IHC) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) are used to characterize spongiosa elastin, as well as investigate regional differences in structure. IHC for elastin highlights an intermediate structure which varies in thickness and density between regions. In particular, the spongiosa elastin is thicker in the hinge and coaptation region than in the belly. SEM of NaOH-digested leaflets shows a rectilinear pattern of elastic fibers in the hinge and coaptation region, as opposed to a radially oriented stripe pattern in the belly. In conclusion, elastic fibers in the spongiosa connect the two outer layers and vary regionally in structure, while possibly playing a role in responding to regionally specific loading patterns.
PMID: 21255691
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