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char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
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char = m;code = 109
char = m;code = 109
char = u;code = 117
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char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
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char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
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char = D;code = 68
char = o;code = 111
char = d;code = 100
char = o;code = 111
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char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
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char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
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char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
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char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
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char = z;code = 122
char = e;code = 101
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char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
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char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
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char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = I;code = 73
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
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char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = S;code = 83
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = i;code = 105
char = r;code = 114
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char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
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char = d;code = 100
char = ,;code = 44
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char = w;code = 119
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char = o;code = 111
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char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
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char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
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char = f;code = 102
char = a;code = 97
char = u;code = 117
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char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
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char = m;code = 109
char = m;code = 109
char = u;code = 117
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
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char = t;code = 116
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char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
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char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
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char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
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char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
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char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
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char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = I;code = 73
char = R;code = 82
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = y;code = 121
char = d;code = 100
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = v;code = 118
char = i;code = 105
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
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char = d;code = 100
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
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char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = v;code = 118
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = s;code = 115
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = u;code = 117
char = n;code = 110
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
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char = a;code = 97
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char = ;code = 32
char = M;code = 77
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = o;code = 111
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char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
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char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = w;code = 119
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char = m;code = 109
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char = r;code = 114
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = y;code = 121
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
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char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = ';code = 39
char = s;code = 115
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
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char = y;code = 121
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char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = ';code = 39
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char = g;code = 103
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
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char = d;code = 100
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char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
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char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = e;code = 101
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char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
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char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = S;code = 83
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = i;code = 105
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = d;code = 100
char = .;code = 46
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char = T;code = 84
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char = e;code = 101
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char = w;code = 119
char = l;code = 108
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char = s;code = 115
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char = ';code = 39
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char = a;code = 97
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char = o;code = 111
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char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
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char = c;code = 99
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char = e;code = 101
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char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
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char = t;code = 116
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char = K;code = 75
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char = t;code = 116
char = y;code = 121
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char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
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char = o;code = 111
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char = ';code = 39
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char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
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char = t;code = 116
char = ';code = 39
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char = g;code = 103
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char = t;code = 116
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char = p;code = 112
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char = s;code = 115
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char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
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char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
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char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
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char = b;code = 98
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char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
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char = g;code = 103
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char = t;code = 116
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char = t;code = 116
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char = e;code = 101
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char = a;code = 97
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char = e;code = 101
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char = d;code = 100
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char = t;code = 116
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char = a;code = 97
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char = f;code = 102
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char = C;code = 67
char = O;code = 79
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char = ;code = 32
char = S;code = 83
char = S;code = 83
char = U;code = 85
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = R;code = 82
char = N;code = 78
char = A;code = 65
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char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
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char = v;code = 118
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char = a;code = 97
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char = c;code = 99
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char = ';code = 39
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char = y;code = 121
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char = ';code = 39
char = ;code = 32
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char = p;code = 112
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char = s;code = 115
char = .;code = 46
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char = O;code = 79
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char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
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char = g;code = 103
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char = e;code = 101
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char = o;code = 111
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char = l;code = 108
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char = s;code = 115
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char = e;code = 101
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char = a;code = 97
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char = v;code = 118
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char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = y;code = 121
char = d;code = 100
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
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char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = d;code = 100
char = s;code = 115
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = D;code = 68
char = o;code = 111
char = d;code = 100
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = S;code = 83
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = i;code = 105
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = d;code = 100
char = s;code = 115
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = I;code = 73
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = R;code = 82
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = C;code = 67
char = I;code = 73
char = R;code = 82
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = g;code = 103
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
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char = 1;code = 49
char = 6;code = 54
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
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char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = 1;code = 49
char = 5;code = 53
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = y;code = 121
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = a;code = 97
char = u;code = 117
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = m;code = 109
char = u;code = 117
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = D;code = 68
char = o;code = 111
char = d;code = 100
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = z;code = 122
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = I;code = 73
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = S;code = 83
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = i;code = 105
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = d;code = 100
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = b;code = 98
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = a;code = 97
char = u;code = 117
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = m;code = 109
char = u;code = 117
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = I;code = 73
char = R;code = 82
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = y;code = 121
char = d;code = 100
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = v;code = 118
char = i;code = 105
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
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char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
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char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = v;code = 118
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = s;code = 115
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = u;code = 117
char = n;code = 110
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = x;code = 120
char = a;code = 97
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = M;code = 77
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = o;code = 111
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = w;code = 119
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = y;code = 121
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
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char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = ';code = 39
char = s;code = 115
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = -;code = 45
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = ';code = 39
char = ;code = 32
char = g;code = 103
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = S;code = 83
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = i;code = 105
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = d;code = 100
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
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char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = w;code = 119
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
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char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = ';code = 39
char = s;code = 115
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
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char = y;code = 121
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char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = ';code = 39
char = ;code = 32
char = g;code = 103
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = g;code = 103
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
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char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
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char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
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char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
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char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = v;code = 118
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = s;code = 115
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
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char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
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char = e;code = 101
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char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = y;code = 121
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
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char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
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char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
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char = a;code = 97
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
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char = K;code = 75
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char = h;code = 104
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char = t;code = 116
char = y;code = 121
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
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char = o;code = 111
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char = ;code = 32
char = ';code = 39
char = s;code = 115
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = -;code = 45
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char = o;code = 111
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char = ';code = 39
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char = g;code = 103
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char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
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char = p;code = 112
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char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
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char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
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char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
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char = g;code = 103
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char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
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char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
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char = s;code = 115
char = a;code = 97
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
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char = s;code = 115
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
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char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = c;code = 99
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char = r;code = 114
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
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char = t;code = 116
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char = a;code = 97
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char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
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char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = i;code = 105
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = O;code = 79
char = I;code = 73
char = ;code = 32
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
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char = a;code = 97
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char = c;code = 99
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = S;code = 83
char = S;code = 83
char = U;code = 85
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = R;code = 82
char = N;code = 78
char = A;code = 65
char = ;code = 32
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
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char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = q;code = 113
char = u;code = 117
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
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char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = H;code = 72
char = o;code = 111
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
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char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = w;code = 119
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = y;code = 121
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
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char = c;code = 99
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char = m;code = 109
char = p;code = 112
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = k;code = 107
char = s;code = 115
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char = a;code = 97
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char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = -;code = 45
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
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result sql = Indian Ocean hydrothermal vents are believed to represent a novel biogeographic province, and are host to many novel genera and families of animals, potentially indigenous to Indian Ocean hydrothermal systems. In particular, since its discovery in 2001, much attention has been paid to a so-called 'scaly-foot' gastropod because of its unique iron-sulfide-coated dermal sclerites and the chemosynthetic symbioses in its various tissues. Despite increasing interest in the faunal assemblages at Indian Ocean hydrothermal vents, only two hydrothermal vent fields have been investigated in the Indian Ocean. Here we report two newly discovered hydrothermal vent fields, the Dodo and Solitaire fields, which are located in the Central Indian Ridge (CIR) segments 16 and 15, respectively. Chemosynthetic faunal communities at the Dodo field are emaciated in size and composition. In contrast, at the Solitaire field, we observed faunal communities that potentially contained almost all genera found at CIR hydrothermal environments to date, and even identified previously unreported taxa. Moreover, a new morphotype of 'scaly-foot' gastropod has been found at the Solitaire field. The newly discovered 'scaly-foot' gastropod has similar morphological and anatomical features to the previously reported type that inhabits the Kairei field, and both types of 'scaly-foot' gastropods genetically belong to the same species according to analyses of their COI gene and nuclear SSU rRNA gene sequences. However, the new morphotype completely lacks an iron-sulfide coating on the sclerites, which had been believed to be a novel feature restricted to 'scaly-foot' gastropods. Our new findings at the two newly discovered hydrothermal vent sites provide important insights into the biodiversity and biogeography of vent-endemic ecosystems in the Indian Ocean.
Publication: PLoS ONE 2012 ;7(3)::e32965. :doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0032965.
Publication Date: 2012
Study Author(s): Nakamura, Kentaro;Watanabe, Hiromi;Miyazaki, Junichi;Takai, Ken;Kawagucci, Shinsuke;Noguchi, Takuro;Nemoto, Suguru;Watsuji, Tomo-o;Matsuzaki, Takuya;Shibuya, Takazo;Okamura, Kei;Mochizuki, Masashi;Orihashi, Yuji;Ura, Tamaki;Asada, Akira;Marie, Daniel;Koonjul, Meera;Singh, Manvendra;Beedessee, Girish;Bhikajee, Mitrasen;Tamaki, Kensaku;
Institution: Precambrian Ecosystem Laboratory (PEL), Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Yokosuka, Kanagawa, Japan. [email protected]
Shortcut link to this study:
Publication Date: 2012
Study Author(s): Nakamura, Kentaro;Watanabe, Hiromi;Miyazaki, Junichi;Takai, Ken;Kawagucci, Shinsuke;Noguchi, Takuro;Nemoto, Suguru;Watsuji, Tomo-o;Matsuzaki, Takuya;Shibuya, Takazo;Okamura, Kei;Mochizuki, Masashi;Orihashi, Yuji;Ura, Tamaki;Asada, Akira;Marie, Daniel;Koonjul, Meera;Singh, Manvendra;Beedessee, Girish;Bhikajee, Mitrasen;Tamaki, Kensaku;
Institution: Precambrian Ecosystem Laboratory (PEL), Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Yokosuka, Kanagawa, Japan. [email protected]
Shortcut link to this study:
Indian Ocean hydrothermal vents are believed to represent a novel biogeographic province, and are host to many novel genera and families of animals, potentially indigenous to Indian Ocean hydrothermal systems. In particular, since its discovery in 2001, much attention has been paid to a so-called 'scaly-foot' gastropod because of its unique iron-sulfide-coated dermal sclerites and the chemosynthetic symbioses in its various tissues. Despite increasing interest in the faunal assemblages at Indian Ocean hydrothermal vents, only two hydrothermal vent fields have been investigated in the Indian Ocean. Here we report two newly discovered hydrothermal vent fields, the Dodo and Solitaire fields, which are located in the Central Indian Ridge (CIR) segments 16 and 15, respectively. Chemosynthetic faunal communities at the Dodo field are emaciated in size and composition. In contrast, at the Solitaire field, we observed faunal communities that potentially contained almost all genera found at CIR hydrothermal environments to date, and even identified previously unreported taxa. Moreover, a new morphotype of 'scaly-foot' gastropod has been found at the Solitaire field. The newly discovered 'scaly-foot' gastropod has similar morphological and anatomical features to the previously reported type that inhabits the Kairei field, and both types of 'scaly-foot' gastropods genetically belong to the same species according to analyses of their COI gene and nuclear SSU rRNA gene sequences. However, the new morphotype completely lacks an iron-sulfide coating on the sclerites, which had been believed to be a novel feature restricted to 'scaly-foot' gastropods. Our new findings at the two newly discovered hydrothermal vent sites provide important insights into the biodiversity and biogeography of vent-endemic ecosystems in the Indian Ocean.
PMID: 22431990
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