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result sql = Epigenetic Regulation of Spinal CXCR2 Signaling in Incisional Hypersensitivity in Mice.

Epigenetic Regulation of Spinal CXCR2 Signaling in Incisional Hypersensitivity in Mice.

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char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
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char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
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char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
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char = w;code = 119
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char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
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char = u;code = 117
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = .;code = 46
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char = B;code = 66
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = s;code = 115
char = a;code = 97
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
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char = R;code = 82
char = N;code = 78
char = A;code = 65
char = ;code = 32
char = q;code = 113
char = u;code = 117
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
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char = a;code = 97
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char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
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char = r;code = 114
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char = a;code = 97
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char = i;code = 105
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char = m;code = 109
char = u;code = 117
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
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char = p;code = 112
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
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char = u;code = 117
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = u;code = 117
char = d;code = 100
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = g;code = 103
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = X;code = 88
char = C;code = 67
char = R;code = 82
char = 2;code = 50
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = g;code = 103
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = x;code = 120
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = F;code = 70
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
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char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = X;code = 88
char = C;code = 67
char = R;code = 82
char = 2;code = 50
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = g;code = 103
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = S;code = 83
char = B;code = 66
char = 2;code = 50
char = 2;code = 50
char = 5;code = 53
char = 0;code = 48
char = 0;code = 48
char = 2;code = 50
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char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = d;code = 100
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = u;code = 117
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = p;code = 112
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = X;code = 88
char = C;code = 67
char = R;code = 82
char = 2;code = 50
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = p;code = 112
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = f;code = 102
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = w;code = 119
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char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
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char = >;code = 62
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
char = /;code = 47
char = >;code = 62
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = >;code = 62
char = R;code = 82
char = E;code = 69
char = S;code = 83
char = U;code = 85
char = L;code = 76
char = T;code = 84
char = S;code = 83
char = :;code = 58
char = ;code = 32
char = <;code = 60
char = /;code = 47
char = b;code = 98
char = >;code = 62
char = ;code = 32
char = S;code = 83
char = u;code = 117
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = y;code = 121
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
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char = h;code = 104
char = y;code = 121
char = d;code = 100
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = x;code = 120
char = a;code = 97
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
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char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
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char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = g;code = 103
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char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
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char = t;code = 116
char = l;code = 108
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char = c;code = 99
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char = a;code = 97
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char = a;code = 97
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char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
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char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
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char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = z;code = 122
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char = i;code = 105
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char = a;code = 97
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char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
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char = c;code = 99
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
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char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
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char = y;code = 121
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char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
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char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
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char = i;code = 105
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char = i;code = 105
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char = r;code = 114
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char = d;code = 100
char = u;code = 117
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char = e;code = 101
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char = c;code = 99
char = i;code = 105
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char = o;code = 111
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char = a;code = 97
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char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
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char = s;code = 115
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char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = z;code = 122
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
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char = a;code = 97
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char = s;code = 115
char = o;code = 111
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char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
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char = u;code = 117
char = a;code = 97
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char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
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char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
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char = o;code = 111
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char = -;code = 45
char = i;code = 105
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char = u;code = 117
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = y;code = 121
char = p;code = 112
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char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
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char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
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char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
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char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = O;code = 79
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
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char = a;code = 97
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char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = H;code = 72
char = 3;code = 51
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = 9;code = 57
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
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char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
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char = i;code = 105
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char = s;code = 115
char = p;code = 112
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char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
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char = r;code = 114
char = d;code = 100
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char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = e;code = 101
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char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = f;code = 102
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
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char = i;code = 105
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char = c;code = 99
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char = i;code = 105
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char = ,;code = 44
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char = a;code = 97
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char = n;code = 110
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
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char = e;code = 101
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char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
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char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = H;code = 72
char = 3;code = 51
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char = a;code = 97
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char = s;code = 115
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char = w;code = 119
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char = h;code = 104
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char = t;code = 116
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char = e;code = 101
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char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
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char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
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char = r;code = 114
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char = g;code = 103
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
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char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = X;code = 88
char = C;code = 67
char = R;code = 82
char = 2;code = 50
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char = a;code = 97
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char = d;code = 100
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char = k;code = 107
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char = a;code = 97
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char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
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char = c;code = 99
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char = e;code = 101
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char = v;code = 118
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char = c;code = 99
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char = e;code = 101
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char = o;code = 111
char = k;code = 107
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = C;code = 67
char = X;code = 88
char = C;code = 67
char = L;code = 76
char = 1;code = 49
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char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
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char = b;code = 98
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char = r;code = 114
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char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
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char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = B;code = 66
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = c;code = 99
char = k;code = 107
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = X;code = 88
char = C;code = 67
char = R;code = 82
char = 2;code = 50
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
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char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
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char = m;code = 109
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char = c;code = 99
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char = a;code = 97
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char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
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char = h;code = 104
char = y;code = 121
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char = e;code = 101
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char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
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char = t;code = 116
char = y;code = 121
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char = a;code = 97
char = f;code = 102
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
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char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
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char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
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char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
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char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
char = /;code = 47
char = >;code = 62
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
char = /;code = 47
char = >;code = 62
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = >;code = 62
char = C;code = 67
char = O;code = 79
char = N;code = 78
char = C;code = 67
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result sql = BACKGROUND: The regulation of gene expression in nociceptive pathways contributes to the induction and maintenance of pain sensitization. Histone acetylation is a key epigenetic mechanism controlling chromatin structure and gene expression. Chemokine CC motif receptor 2 (CXCR2) is a proinflammatory receptor implicated in neuropathic and inflammatory pain and is known to be regulated by histone acetylation in some settings. The authors sought to investigate the role of histone acetylation on spinal CXCR2 signaling after incision.

METHODS: Groups of 5-8 mice underwent hind paw incision. Suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid and anacardic acid were used to inhibit histone deacetylase and histone acetyltransferase, respectively. Behavioral measures of thermal and mechanical sensitization as well as hyperalgesic priming were used. Both message RNA quantification and chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis were used to study the regulation of CXCR2 and ligand expression. Finally, the selective CXCR2 antagonist SB225002 was administered intrathecally to reveal the function of spinal CXCR2 receptors after hind paw incision.

RESULTS: Suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid significantly exacerbated mechanical sensitization after incision. Conversely, anacardic acid reduced incisional sensitization and also attenuated incision-induced hyperalgesic priming. Overall, acetylated histone H3 at lysine 9 was increased in spinal cord tissues after incision, and enhanced association of acetylated histone H3 at lysine 9 with the promoter regions of CXCR2 and keratinocyte-derived chemokine (CXCL1) was observed as well. Blocking CXCR2 reversed mechanical hypersensitivity after hind paw incision.

CONCLUSIONS: Histone modification is an important epigenetic mechanism regulating incision-induced nociceptive sensitization. The spinal CXCR2 signaling pathway is one epigenetically regulated pathway controlling early and latent sensitization after incision.

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