|
|
char = D;code = 68
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = z;code = 122
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = F;code = 70
char = D;code = 68
char = &;code = 38
char = C;code = 67
char = ;code = 32
char = Y;code = 89
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = w;code = 119
char = ;code = 32
char = N;code = 78
char = o;code = 111
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = 6;code = 54
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = S;code = 83
char = u;code = 117
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = Y;code = 89
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = w;code = 119
char = ;code = 32
char = F;code = 70
char = C;code = 67
char = F;code = 70
char = );code = 41
char = .;code = 46
result sql = Determination of combined benzidine in FD&C Yellow No. 6 (Sunset Yellow FCF).
Determination of combined benzidine in FD&C Yellow No. 6 (Sunset Yellow FCF).char = S;code = 83
char = a;code = 97
char = m;code = 109
char = p;code = 112
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = ;code = 32
char = 6;code = 54
char = 7;code = 55
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = u;code = 117
char = f;code = 102
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = F;code = 70
char = D;code = 68
char = &;code = 38
char = C;code = 67
char = ;code = 32
char = Y;code = 89
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = w;code = 119
char = ;code = 32
char = N;code = 78
char = o;code = 111
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = 6;code = 54
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = S;code = 83
char = u;code = 117
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = Y;code = 89
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = w;code = 119
char = ;code = 32
char = F;code = 70
char = C;code = 67
char = F;code = 70
char = ;;code = 59
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = I;code = 73
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = x;code = 120
char = ;code = 32
char = N;code = 78
char = o;code = 111
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = 1;code = 49
char = 5;code = 53
char = 9;code = 57
char = 8;code = 56
char = 5;code = 53
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = z;code = 122
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = a;code = 97
char = m;code = 109
char = p;code = 112
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = b;code = 98
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = U;code = 85
char = S;code = 83
char = ;code = 32
char = F;code = 70
char = o;code = 111
char = o;code = 111
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = D;code = 68
char = r;code = 114
char = u;code = 117
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = A;code = 65
char = d;code = 100
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = O;code = 79
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = 1;code = 49
char = 9;code = 57
char = 9;code = 57
char = 1;code = 49
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = D;code = 68
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = m;code = 109
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = 1;code = 49
char = 9;code = 57
char = 9;code = 57
char = 2;code = 50
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = 1;code = 49
char = 3;code = 51
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = y;code = 121
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = b;code = 98
char = u;code = 117
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = s;code = 115
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = D;code = 68
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = u;code = 117
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = u;code = 117
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = z;code = 122
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = m;code = 109
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = z;code = 122
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = a;code = 97
char = z;code = 122
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = y;code = 121
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = z;code = 122
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = u;code = 117
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = x;code = 120
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = z;code = 122
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = z;code = 122
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = p;code = 112
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = 2;code = 50
char = -;code = 45
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = -;code = 45
char = 3;code = 51
char = ,;code = 44
char = 6;code = 54
char = -;code = 45
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = o;code = 111
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = u;code = 117
char = m;code = 109
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = R;code = 82
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = t;code = 116
char = );code = 41
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = z;code = 122
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = q;code = 113
char = u;code = 117
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = z;code = 122
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = -;code = 45
char = R;code = 82
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = a;code = 97
char = z;code = 122
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = y;code = 121
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = H;code = 72
char = P;code = 80
char = L;code = 76
char = C;code = 67
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = 5;code = 53
char = 4;code = 52
char = 0;code = 48
char = ;code = 32
char = n;code = 110
char = m;code = 109
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = q;code = 113
char = u;code = 117
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = 1;code = 49
char = 0;code = 48
char = ;code = 32
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = z;code = 122
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = /;code = 47
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = F;code = 70
char = D;code = 68
char = &;code = 38
char = C;code = 67
char = ;code = 32
char = Y;code = 89
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = w;code = 119
char = ;code = 32
char = N;code = 78
char = o;code = 111
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = 6;code = 54
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = O;code = 79
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = 6;code = 54
char = 7;code = 55
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = a;code = 97
char = m;code = 109
char = p;code = 112
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = 3;code = 51
char = 4;code = 52
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = 1;code = 49
char = 0;code = 48
char = ;code = 32
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = z;code = 122
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = /;code = 47
char = g;code = 103
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = O;code = 79
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = 3;code = 51
char = 0;code = 48
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = a;code = 97
char = m;code = 109
char = p;code = 112
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = u;code = 117
char = f;code = 102
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = y;code = 121
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = l;code = 108
char = u;code = 117
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = b;code = 98
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = z;code = 122
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = ;code = 32
char = 1;code = 49
char = 1;code = 49
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = 1;code = 49
char = 0;code = 48
char = 4;code = 52
char = ;code = 32
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = /;code = 47
char = g;code = 103
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = x;code = 120
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = p;code = 112
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = a;code = 97
char = m;code = 109
char = p;code = 112
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = 9;code = 57
char = 4;code = 52
char = 1;code = 49
char = ;code = 32
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = /;code = 47
char = g;code = 103
char = .;code = 46
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
char = /;code = 47
char = >;code = 62
result sql = Samples from 67 manufactured lots of FD&C Yellow No. 6 (Sunset Yellow FCF; Colour Index No. 15985) were analysed for combined benzidine. These samples were selected from those submitted to the US Food and Drug Administration for certification between October 1991 and December 1992 by 13 dye distributors. Dithionite was used to reduce any combined benzidine present in the form of azo or disazo dyes to free benzidine. This reduction was followed by extraction, diazotization and coupling with 2-naphthol-3,6-disulfonic acid disodium salt (R salt). The total benzidine was quantified as benzidine-R salt disazo dye by HPLC with detection at 540 nm and a quantification limit of 10 ng benzidine/g FD&C Yellow No. 6. Of the 67 samples analysed, 34 were found to contain more than 10 ng combined benzidine/g. Of these, 30 samples were from one manufacturing company, including three of its subsidaries. The level of combined benzidine found ranged from 11 to 104 ng/g, except for one sample containing 941 ng/g.
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = z;code = 122
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = F;code = 70
char = D;code = 68
char = &;code = 38
char = C;code = 67
char = ;code = 32
char = Y;code = 89
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = w;code = 119
char = ;code = 32
char = N;code = 78
char = o;code = 111
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = 6;code = 54
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = S;code = 83
char = u;code = 117
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = Y;code = 89
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = w;code = 119
char = ;code = 32
char = F;code = 70
char = C;code = 67
char = F;code = 70
char = );code = 41
char = .;code = 46
result sql = Determination of combined benzidine in FD&C Yellow No. 6 (Sunset Yellow FCF).
char = a;code = 97
char = m;code = 109
char = p;code = 112
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = ;code = 32
char = 6;code = 54
char = 7;code = 55
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = u;code = 117
char = f;code = 102
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = F;code = 70
char = D;code = 68
char = &;code = 38
char = C;code = 67
char = ;code = 32
char = Y;code = 89
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = w;code = 119
char = ;code = 32
char = N;code = 78
char = o;code = 111
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = 6;code = 54
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = S;code = 83
char = u;code = 117
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = Y;code = 89
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = w;code = 119
char = ;code = 32
char = F;code = 70
char = C;code = 67
char = F;code = 70
char = ;;code = 59
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = I;code = 73
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = x;code = 120
char = ;code = 32
char = N;code = 78
char = o;code = 111
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = 1;code = 49
char = 5;code = 53
char = 9;code = 57
char = 8;code = 56
char = 5;code = 53
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = z;code = 122
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = a;code = 97
char = m;code = 109
char = p;code = 112
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = b;code = 98
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = U;code = 85
char = S;code = 83
char = ;code = 32
char = F;code = 70
char = o;code = 111
char = o;code = 111
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = D;code = 68
char = r;code = 114
char = u;code = 117
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = A;code = 65
char = d;code = 100
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = O;code = 79
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = 1;code = 49
char = 9;code = 57
char = 9;code = 57
char = 1;code = 49
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = D;code = 68
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = m;code = 109
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = 1;code = 49
char = 9;code = 57
char = 9;code = 57
char = 2;code = 50
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = 1;code = 49
char = 3;code = 51
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = y;code = 121
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = b;code = 98
char = u;code = 117
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = s;code = 115
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = D;code = 68
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = u;code = 117
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = u;code = 117
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = z;code = 122
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = m;code = 109
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = z;code = 122
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = a;code = 97
char = z;code = 122
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = y;code = 121
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = z;code = 122
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = u;code = 117
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = x;code = 120
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = z;code = 122
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = z;code = 122
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = p;code = 112
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = 2;code = 50
char = -;code = 45
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = -;code = 45
char = 3;code = 51
char = ,;code = 44
char = 6;code = 54
char = -;code = 45
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = o;code = 111
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = u;code = 117
char = m;code = 109
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = R;code = 82
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = t;code = 116
char = );code = 41
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = z;code = 122
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = q;code = 113
char = u;code = 117
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = z;code = 122
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = -;code = 45
char = R;code = 82
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = a;code = 97
char = z;code = 122
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = y;code = 121
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = H;code = 72
char = P;code = 80
char = L;code = 76
char = C;code = 67
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = 5;code = 53
char = 4;code = 52
char = 0;code = 48
char = ;code = 32
char = n;code = 110
char = m;code = 109
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = q;code = 113
char = u;code = 117
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = 1;code = 49
char = 0;code = 48
char = ;code = 32
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = z;code = 122
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = /;code = 47
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = F;code = 70
char = D;code = 68
char = &;code = 38
char = C;code = 67
char = ;code = 32
char = Y;code = 89
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = w;code = 119
char = ;code = 32
char = N;code = 78
char = o;code = 111
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = 6;code = 54
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = O;code = 79
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = 6;code = 54
char = 7;code = 55
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = a;code = 97
char = m;code = 109
char = p;code = 112
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = 3;code = 51
char = 4;code = 52
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = 1;code = 49
char = 0;code = 48
char = ;code = 32
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = z;code = 122
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = /;code = 47
char = g;code = 103
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = O;code = 79
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = 3;code = 51
char = 0;code = 48
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = a;code = 97
char = m;code = 109
char = p;code = 112
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = u;code = 117
char = f;code = 102
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = y;code = 121
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = l;code = 108
char = u;code = 117
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = b;code = 98
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = z;code = 122
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = ;code = 32
char = 1;code = 49
char = 1;code = 49
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = 1;code = 49
char = 0;code = 48
char = 4;code = 52
char = ;code = 32
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = /;code = 47
char = g;code = 103
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = x;code = 120
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = p;code = 112
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = a;code = 97
char = m;code = 109
char = p;code = 112
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = 9;code = 57
char = 4;code = 52
char = 1;code = 49
char = ;code = 32
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = /;code = 47
char = g;code = 103
char = .;code = 46
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
char = /;code = 47
char = >;code = 62
result sql = Samples from 67 manufactured lots of FD&C Yellow No. 6 (Sunset Yellow FCF; Colour Index No. 15985) were analysed for combined benzidine. These samples were selected from those submitted to the US Food and Drug Administration for certification between October 1991 and December 1992 by 13 dye distributors. Dithionite was used to reduce any combined benzidine present in the form of azo or disazo dyes to free benzidine. This reduction was followed by extraction, diazotization and coupling with 2-naphthol-3,6-disulfonic acid disodium salt (R salt). The total benzidine was quantified as benzidine-R salt disazo dye by HPLC with detection at 540 nm and a quantification limit of 10 ng benzidine/g FD&C Yellow No. 6. Of the 67 samples analysed, 34 were found to contain more than 10 ng combined benzidine/g. Of these, 30 samples were from one manufacturing company, including three of its subsidaries. The level of combined benzidine found ranged from 11 to 104 ng/g, except for one sample containing 941 ng/g.
Publication: Food Chem. Toxicol. 1995 Oct ;33(10)::829-39.
Publication Date: 1995 Oct
Study Author(s): Peiperl, M D;Prival, M J;Bell, S J;
Institution: Genetic Toxicology Branch (HFS-236), Food and Drug Administration, Washington, DC 20204, USA.
Shortcut link to this study:
Publication Date: 1995 Oct
Study Author(s): Peiperl, M D;Prival, M J;Bell, S J;
Institution: Genetic Toxicology Branch (HFS-236), Food and Drug Administration, Washington, DC 20204, USA.
Shortcut link to this study:
Samples from 67 manufactured lots of FD&C Yellow No. 6 (Sunset Yellow FCF; Colour Index No. 15985) were analysed for combined benzidine. These samples were selected from those submitted to the US Food and Drug Administration for certification between October 1991 and December 1992 by 13 dye distributors. Dithionite was used to reduce any combined benzidine present in the form of azo or disazo dyes to free benzidine. This reduction was followed by extraction, diazotization and coupling with 2-naphthol-3,6-disulfonic acid disodium salt (R salt). The total benzidine was quantified as benzidine-R salt disazo dye by HPLC with detection at 540 nm and a quantification limit of 10 ng benzidine/g FD&C Yellow No. 6. Of the 67 samples analysed, 34 were found to contain more than 10 ng combined benzidine/g. Of these, 30 samples were from one manufacturing company, including three of its subsidaries. The level of combined benzidine found ranged from 11 to 104 ng/g, except for one sample containing 941 ng/g.
PMID: 7590527
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