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char = d;code = 100
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char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
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char = t;code = 116
char = y;code = 121
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
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char = h;code = 104
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char = d;code = 100
char = r;code = 114
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char = x;code = 120
char = y;code = 121
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char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = u;code = 117
char = e;code = 101
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char = e;code = 101
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char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
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char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
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char = l;code = 108
char = u;code = 117
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char = g;code = 103
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char = t;code = 116
char = u;code = 117
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char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = A;code = 65
char = /;code = 47
char = J;code = 74
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = S;code = 83
char = W;code = 87
char = R;code = 82
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = .;code = 46
result sql = Mutations of the Ki-ras protooncogene in 3-methylcholanthrene and urethan-induced and butylated hydroxytoluene-promoted lung tumors of strain A/J and SWR mice.
Mutations of the Ki-ras protooncogene in 3-methylcholanthrene and urethan-induced and butylated hydroxytoluene-promoted lung tumors of strain A/J and SWR mice.
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char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
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char = K;code = 75
char = i;code = 105
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char = r;code = 114
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char = s;code = 115
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char = t;code = 116
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char = m;code = 109
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char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
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char = l;code = 108
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char = P;code = 80
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char = G;code = 71
char = C;code = 67
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
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char = C;code = 67
char = G;code = 71
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char = ;code = 32
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char = 6;code = 54
char = 1;code = 49
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char = a;code = 97
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char = A;code = 65
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result sql = Mutations of the Ki-ras protooncogene in 190 lung tumors initiated in male A/J and SWR mice by 3-methylcholanthrene(MCA) or urethan and promoted by butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), were evaluated by utilizing polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing analysis. The most common mutation pattern was a GC to CG transversion at the first base of codon 12/13. The predominant mutation pattern at codon 61 was an AT to TA transversion and the next frequent one an AT to GC transition. Mutations of Ki-ras codon 12/13 were found in 44% (A/J) and 13% (SWR) of MCA-induced and in 94% (A/J) and 43% (SWR) of MCA plus BHT-induced lung tumors. Mutations of the Ki-ras codon 61 were found in 31% (A/J) and 13% (SWR) of urethan-induced and 69% (A/J) and 44% (SWR) of urethan plus BHT-induced lung tumors. These data suggest that in strain A/J mice the 2 carcinogens produce Ki-ras mutations and that BHT promotes the activations of Ki-ras protooncogenes in lung tumors.

Publication: Cancer Lett. 1995 May 4 ;91(1)::33-9.
Publication Date: 1995 May 4
Study Author(s): Wang, X;Witschi, H;
Institution: Institute of Toxicology and Environmental Health, University of California, Davis 95616, USA.
Shortcut link to this study:
Mutations of the Ki-ras protooncogene in 190 lung tumors initiated in male A/J and SWR mice by 3-methylcholanthrene(MCA) or urethan and promoted by butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), were evaluated by utilizing polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing analysis. The most common mutation pattern was a GC to CG transversion at the first base of codon 12/13. The predominant mutation pattern at codon 61 was an AT to TA transversion and the next frequent one an AT to GC transition. Mutations of Ki-ras codon 12/13 were found in 44% (A/J) and 13% (SWR) of MCA-induced and in 94% (A/J) and 43% (SWR) of MCA plus BHT-induced lung tumors. Mutations of the Ki-ras codon 61 were found in 31% (A/J) and 13% (SWR) of urethan-induced and 69% (A/J) and 44% (SWR) of urethan plus BHT-induced lung tumors. These data suggest that in strain A/J mice the 2 carcinogens produce Ki-ras mutations and that BHT promotes the activations of Ki-ras protooncogenes in lung tumors.
PMID: 7750092

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