|
|
char = A;code = 65
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = g;code = 103
char = a;code = 97
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = o;code = 111
char = d;code = 100
char = b;code = 98
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = b;code = 98
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = m;code = 109
char = .;code = 46
result sql = Antimicrobial activity of lactoferrin against foodborne pathogenic bacteria incorporated into edible chitosan film.
Antimicrobial activity of lactoferrin against foodborne pathogenic bacteria incorporated into edible chitosan film.char = T;code = 84
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = b;code = 98
char = j;code = 106
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = z;code = 122
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = b;code = 98
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = m;code = 109
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = g;code = 103
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = f;code = 102
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = s;code = 115
char = o;code = 111
char = z;code = 122
char = y;code = 121
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = m;code = 109
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = g;code = 103
char = a;code = 97
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = g;code = 103
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = w;code = 119
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = E;code = 69
char = s;code = 115
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
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char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = ;code = 32
char = O;code = 79
char = 1;code = 49
char = 5;code = 53
char = 7;code = 55
char = :;code = 58
char = H;code = 72
char = 7;code = 55
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = L;code = 76
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = c;code = 99
char = y;code = 121
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = m;code = 109
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = s;code = 115
char = o;code = 111
char = z;code = 122
char = y;code = 121
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = a;code = 97
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = 0;code = 48
char = .;code = 46
char = 5;code = 53
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = 1;code = 49
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = 2;code = 50
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = i;code = 105
char = r;code = 114
char = c;code = 99
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = c;code = 99
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = m;code = 109
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = h;code = 104
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
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char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = E;code = 69
char = D;code = 68
char = T;code = 84
char = A;code = 65
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = 0;code = 48
char = .;code = 46
char = 2;code = 50
char = 8;code = 56
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = 0;code = 48
char = .;code = 46
char = 5;code = 53
char = 6;code = 54
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = 1;code = 49
char = .;code = 46
char = 1;code = 49
char = 2;code = 50
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
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char = c;code = 99
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char = r;code = 114
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char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
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char = o;code = 111
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char = i;code = 105
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char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
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char = a;code = 97
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char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
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char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = m;code = 109
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char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
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char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
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char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
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char = ;code = 32
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char = y;code = 121
char = m;code = 109
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char = ;code = 32
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char = o;code = 111
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char = i;code = 105
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char = e;code = 101
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char = i;code = 105
char = g;code = 103
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char = e;code = 101
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char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
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char = c;code = 99
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char = b;code = 98
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char = a;code = 97
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char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
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char = e;code = 101
char = f;code = 102
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
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char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
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char = b;code = 98
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
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char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
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char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
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char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
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char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = m;code = 109
char = s;code = 115
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char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
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char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
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char = o;code = 111
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char = a;code = 97
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char = a;code = 97
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char = i;code = 105
char = z;code = 122
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = .;code = 46
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char = T;code = 84
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char = a;code = 97
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char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
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char = a;code = 97
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char = a;code = 97
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = E;code = 69
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = ;code = 32
char = O;code = 79
char = 1;code = 49
char = 5;code = 53
char = 7;code = 55
char = :;code = 58
char = H;code = 72
char = 7;code = 55
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = L;code = 76
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = c;code = 99
char = y;code = 121
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = u;code = 117
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = g;code = 103
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = f;code = 102
char = f;code = 102
char = u;code = 117
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = s;code = 115
char = a;code = 97
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = s;code = 115
char = a;code = 97
char = y;code = 121
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = m;code = 109
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = 1;code = 49
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = c;code = 99
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = v;code = 118
char = a;code = 97
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = m;code = 109
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = A;code = 65
char = l;code = 108
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = g;code = 103
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = m;code = 109
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = s;code = 115
char = o;code = 111
char = z;code = 122
char = y;code = 121
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = x;code = 120
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = g;code = 103
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = y;code = 121
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = m;code = 109
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = x;code = 120
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = g;code = 103
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = g;code = 103
char = a;code = 97
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = E;code = 69
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = ;code = 32
char = O;code = 79
char = 1;code = 49
char = 5;code = 53
char = 7;code = 55
char = :;code = 58
char = H;code = 72
char = 7;code = 55
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = L;code = 76
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = c;code = 99
char = y;code = 121
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = H;code = 72
char = o;code = 111
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = s;code = 115
char = o;code = 111
char = z;code = 122
char = y;code = 121
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = -;code = 45
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = m;code = 109
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = g;code = 103
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = g;code = 103
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = w;code = 119
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = E;code = 69
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = ;code = 32
char = O;code = 79
char = 1;code = 49
char = 5;code = 53
char = 7;code = 55
char = :;code = 58
char = H;code = 72
char = 7;code = 55
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = x;code = 120
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = b;code = 98
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = f;code = 102
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = E;code = 69
char = D;code = 68
char = T;code = 84
char = A;code = 65
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = s;code = 115
char = o;code = 111
char = z;code = 122
char = y;code = 121
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = P;code = 80
char = ;code = 32
char = <;code = 60
char = ;code = 32
char = 0;code = 48
char = .;code = 46
char = 0;code = 48
char = 5;code = 53
char = );code = 41
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = F;code = 70
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = s;code = 115
char = o;code = 111
char = z;code = 122
char = y;code = 121
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = m;code = 109
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = x;code = 120
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = g;code = 103
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = u;code = 117
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = g;code = 103
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = w;code = 119
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = L;code = 76
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = c;code = 99
char = y;code = 121
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = E;code = 69
char = D;code = 68
char = T;code = 84
char = A;code = 65
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = s;code = 115
char = o;code = 111
char = z;code = 122
char = y;code = 121
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = p;code = 112
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = x;code = 120
char = i;code = 105
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = 3;code = 51
char = -;code = 45
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = u;code = 117
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = .;code = 46
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
char = /;code = 47
char = >;code = 62
result sql = The objectives of this research were to develop and characterize edible chitosan film containing lactoferrin as a natural antimicrobial agent, and to investigate the combination effects of lactoferrin with lysozyme in chitosan film against the growth of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Listeria monocytogenes. Chitosan films containing lactoferrin, lysozyme, or nisin were fabricated, and the antimicrobial concentrations were 0.5, 1, or 2 mg in a circular disc of chitosan film. Three concentrations of lactoferrin or EDTA (0.28, 0.56, or 1.12 mg per disc) were also incorporated into the chitosan film containing lysozyme to investigate the combination effects of lactoferrin. The water barrier properties of the chitosan films containing lactoferrin were characterized. The antimicrobial activities against E. coli O157:H7 and L. monocytogenes were determined using the agar diffusion assay and cell count assay. The chitosan films containing lactoferrin less than 1 mg per disc did not alter the water vapor permeability of the chitosan film. Although the film containing lysozyme exhibited significant antimicrobial activity, the incorporation of lactoferrin alone into chitosan film did not exhibit significant antimicrobial activity against both E. coli O157:H7 and L. monocytogenes. However, the combination of lactoferrin with lysozyme-containing chitosan film significantly decreased the growth of E. coli O157:H7, exhibiting a comparable effect to that of the combination of EDTA with lysozyme (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the combination of lactoferrin with lysozyme in chitosan film exhibited greater reduction in the growth of L. monocytogenes than did the combination EDTA with lysozyme, resulting in an approximate 3-log reduction.
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = g;code = 103
char = a;code = 97
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = o;code = 111
char = d;code = 100
char = b;code = 98
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = b;code = 98
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = m;code = 109
char = .;code = 46
result sql = Antimicrobial activity of lactoferrin against foodborne pathogenic bacteria incorporated into edible chitosan film.
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char = e;code = 101
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char = o;code = 111
char = b;code = 98
char = j;code = 106
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char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
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char = r;code = 114
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char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
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char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
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char = z;code = 122
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char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = b;code = 98
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char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
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char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
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char = f;code = 102
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char = n;code = 110
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char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
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char = i;code = 105
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char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
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char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
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char = a;code = 97
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char = i;code = 105
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char = e;code = 101
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char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = g;code = 103
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
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char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
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char = a;code = 97
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char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
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char = e;code = 101
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char = e;code = 101
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char = c;code = 99
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char = i;code = 105
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char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = L;code = 76
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char = e;code = 101
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char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
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char = o;code = 111
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char = o;code = 111
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
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char = s;code = 115
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
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char = a;code = 97
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char = r;code = 114
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char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
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char = e;code = 101
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char = e;code = 101
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char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
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char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
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char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = m;code = 109
char = s;code = 115
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char = a;code = 97
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char = n;code = 110
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char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = z;code = 122
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = g;code = 103
char = a;code = 97
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = E;code = 69
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = ;code = 32
char = O;code = 79
char = 1;code = 49
char = 5;code = 53
char = 7;code = 55
char = :;code = 58
char = H;code = 72
char = 7;code = 55
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = L;code = 76
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = c;code = 99
char = y;code = 121
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = u;code = 117
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = g;code = 103
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = f;code = 102
char = f;code = 102
char = u;code = 117
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = s;code = 115
char = a;code = 97
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = s;code = 115
char = a;code = 97
char = y;code = 121
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = m;code = 109
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = 1;code = 49
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = c;code = 99
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = v;code = 118
char = a;code = 97
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = m;code = 109
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = A;code = 65
char = l;code = 108
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = g;code = 103
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = m;code = 109
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = s;code = 115
char = o;code = 111
char = z;code = 122
char = y;code = 121
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = x;code = 120
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = g;code = 103
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = y;code = 121
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = m;code = 109
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = x;code = 120
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = g;code = 103
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
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char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = g;code = 103
char = a;code = 97
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = E;code = 69
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = ;code = 32
char = O;code = 79
char = 1;code = 49
char = 5;code = 53
char = 7;code = 55
char = :;code = 58
char = H;code = 72
char = 7;code = 55
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = L;code = 76
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = c;code = 99
char = y;code = 121
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = H;code = 72
char = o;code = 111
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = s;code = 115
char = o;code = 111
char = z;code = 122
char = y;code = 121
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = -;code = 45
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = m;code = 109
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = g;code = 103
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = g;code = 103
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = w;code = 119
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = E;code = 69
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = ;code = 32
char = O;code = 79
char = 1;code = 49
char = 5;code = 53
char = 7;code = 55
char = :;code = 58
char = H;code = 72
char = 7;code = 55
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = x;code = 120
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
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char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
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char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
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char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
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char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
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char = e;code = 101
char = f;code = 102
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
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char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
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char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
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char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
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char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
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char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = E;code = 69
char = D;code = 68
char = T;code = 84
char = A;code = 65
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = s;code = 115
char = o;code = 111
char = z;code = 122
char = y;code = 121
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = P;code = 80
char = ;code = 32
char = <;code = 60
char = ;code = 32
char = 0;code = 48
char = .;code = 46
char = 0;code = 48
char = 5;code = 53
char = );code = 41
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = F;code = 70
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
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char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = s;code = 115
char = o;code = 111
char = z;code = 122
char = y;code = 121
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
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char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
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char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = m;code = 109
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = x;code = 120
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = g;code = 103
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = u;code = 117
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = g;code = 103
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = w;code = 119
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = L;code = 76
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = c;code = 99
char = y;code = 121
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
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result sql = The objectives of this research were to develop and characterize edible chitosan film containing lactoferrin as a natural antimicrobial agent, and to investigate the combination effects of lactoferrin with lysozyme in chitosan film against the growth of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Listeria monocytogenes. Chitosan films containing lactoferrin, lysozyme, or nisin were fabricated, and the antimicrobial concentrations were 0.5, 1, or 2 mg in a circular disc of chitosan film. Three concentrations of lactoferrin or EDTA (0.28, 0.56, or 1.12 mg per disc) were also incorporated into the chitosan film containing lysozyme to investigate the combination effects of lactoferrin. The water barrier properties of the chitosan films containing lactoferrin were characterized. The antimicrobial activities against E. coli O157:H7 and L. monocytogenes were determined using the agar diffusion assay and cell count assay. The chitosan films containing lactoferrin less than 1 mg per disc did not alter the water vapor permeability of the chitosan film. Although the film containing lysozyme exhibited significant antimicrobial activity, the incorporation of lactoferrin alone into chitosan film did not exhibit significant antimicrobial activity against both E. coli O157:H7 and L. monocytogenes. However, the combination of lactoferrin with lysozyme-containing chitosan film significantly decreased the growth of E. coli O157:H7, exhibiting a comparable effect to that of the combination of EDTA with lysozyme (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the combination of lactoferrin with lysozyme in chitosan film exhibited greater reduction in the growth of L. monocytogenes than did the combination EDTA with lysozyme, resulting in an approximate 3-log reduction.
Publication: J. Food Prot. 2008 Feb ;71(2)::319-24.
Publication Date: 2008 Feb
Study Author(s): Brown, Cynthia A;Wang, Baowu;Oh, Jun-Hyun;
Institution: Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, 200 D Campbell Hall, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, Alabama 36088, USA.
Shortcut link to this study:
Publication Date: 2008 Feb
Study Author(s): Brown, Cynthia A;Wang, Baowu;Oh, Jun-Hyun;
Institution: Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, 200 D Campbell Hall, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, Alabama 36088, USA.
Shortcut link to this study:
The objectives of this research were to develop and characterize edible chitosan film containing lactoferrin as a natural antimicrobial agent, and to investigate the combination effects of lactoferrin with lysozyme in chitosan film against the growth of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Listeria monocytogenes. Chitosan films containing lactoferrin, lysozyme, or nisin were fabricated, and the antimicrobial concentrations were 0.5, 1, or 2 mg in a circular disc of chitosan film. Three concentrations of lactoferrin or EDTA (0.28, 0.56, or 1.12 mg per disc) were also incorporated into the chitosan film containing lysozyme to investigate the combination effects of lactoferrin. The water barrier properties of the chitosan films containing lactoferrin were characterized. The antimicrobial activities against E. coli O157:H7 and L. monocytogenes were determined using the agar diffusion assay and cell count assay. The chitosan films containing lactoferrin less than 1 mg per disc did not alter the water vapor permeability of the chitosan film. Although the film containing lysozyme exhibited significant antimicrobial activity, the incorporation of lactoferrin alone into chitosan film did not exhibit significant antimicrobial activity against both E. coli O157:H7 and L. monocytogenes. However, the combination of lactoferrin with lysozyme-containing chitosan film significantly decreased the growth of E. coli O157:H7, exhibiting a comparable effect to that of the combination of EDTA with lysozyme (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the combination of lactoferrin with lysozyme in chitosan film exhibited greater reduction in the growth of L. monocytogenes than did the combination EDTA with lysozyme, resulting in an approximate 3-log reduction.
PMID: 18326181
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