|
|
char = A;code = 65
char = p;code = 112
char = p;code = 112
char = l;code = 108
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char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = g;code = 103
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
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char = o;code = 111
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
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char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
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char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = g;code = 103
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = w;code = 119
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = L;code = 76
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = c;code = 99
char = y;code = 121
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
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char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
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char = o;code = 111
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
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char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
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char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
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char = o;code = 111
char = d;code = 100
char = u;code = 117
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
char = .;code = 46
result sql = Application of an active alginate coating to control the growth of Listeria monocytogenes on poached and deli turkey products.
Application of an active alginate coating to control the growth of Listeria monocytogenes on poached and deli turkey products.char = T;code = 84
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
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char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
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char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = g;code = 103
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
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char = r;code = 114
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char = v;code = 118
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = L;code = 76
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char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
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char = a;code = 97
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char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = R;code = 82
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char = E;code = 69
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char = ;code = 32
char = g;code = 103
char = r;code = 114
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char = a;code = 97
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char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = h;code = 104
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char = o;code = 111
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char = l;code = 108
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char = o;code = 111
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char = j;code = 106
char = e;code = 101
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char = e;code = 101
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char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = u;code = 117
char = d;code = 100
char = y;code = 121
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char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
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char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
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char = e;code = 101
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char = N;code = 78
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char = a;code = 97
char = g;code = 103
char = a;code = 97
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char = d;code = 100
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char = C;code = 67
char = B;code = 66
char = ;code = 32
char = 1;code = 49
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char = (;code = 40
char = 0;code = 48
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char = 2;code = 50
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char = %;code = 37
char = );code = 41
char = ,;code = 44
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char = G;code = 71
char = u;code = 117
char = a;code = 97
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char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = N;code = 78
char = R;code = 82
char = 1;code = 49
char = 0;code = 48
char = 0;code = 48
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = 5;code = 53
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char = 0;code = 48
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char = p;code = 112
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char = a;code = 97
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char = a;code = 97
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char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = S;code = 83
char = L;code = 76
char = ,;code = 44
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char = 2;code = 50
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char = %;code = 37
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char = ,;code = 44
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char = s;code = 115
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char = a;code = 97
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char = e;code = 101
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char = (;code = 40
char = S;code = 83
char = D;code = 68
char = ,;code = 44
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char = 0;code = 48
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char = ,;code = 44
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char = a;code = 97
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char = T;code = 84
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char = S;code = 83
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char = W;code = 87
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char = R;code = 82
char = E;code = 69
char = ;code = 32
char = I;code = 73
char = N;code = 78
char = C;code = 67
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char = P;code = 80
char = O;code = 79
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char = A;code = 65
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char = D;code = 68
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char = A;code = 65
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char = I;code = 73
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char = A;code = 65
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char = A;code = 65
char = T;code = 84
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char = p;code = 112
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char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = g;code = 103
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = 7;code = 55
char = d;code = 100
char = a;code = 97
char = y;code = 121
char = s;code = 115
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = F;code = 70
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = k;code = 107
char = e;code = 101
char = y;code = 121
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = q;code = 113
char = u;code = 117
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = f;code = 102
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = g;code = 103
char = h;code = 104
char = t;code = 116
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = f;code = 102
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = s;code = 115
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = f;code = 102
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = k;code = 107
char = e;code = 101
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = e;code = 101
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = S;code = 83
char = L;code = 76
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = 2;code = 50
char = .;code = 46
char = 4;code = 52
char = %;code = 37
char = );code = 41
char = /;code = 47
char = S;code = 83
char = D;code = 68
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = 0;code = 48
char = .;code = 46
char = 2;code = 50
char = 5;code = 53
char = %;code = 37
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = N;code = 78
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = 5;code = 53
char = 0;code = 48
char = 0;code = 48
char = I;code = 73
char = U;code = 85
char = /;code = 47
char = g;code = 103
char = );code = 41
char = /;code = 47
char = S;code = 83
char = L;code = 76
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = 2;code = 50
char = .;code = 46
char = 4;code = 52
char = %;code = 37
char = );code = 41
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = y;code = 121
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = 3;code = 51
char = .;code = 46
char = 0;code = 48
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = 4;code = 52
char = .;code = 46
char = 9;code = 57
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = F;code = 70
char = U;code = 85
char = /;code = 47
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = 7;code = 55
char = .;code = 46
char = 9;code = 57
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = F;code = 70
char = U;code = 85
char = /;code = 47
char = g;code = 103
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = F;code = 70
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = k;code = 107
char = e;code = 101
char = y;code = 121
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = f;code = 102
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = e;code = 101
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = N;code = 78
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = 5;code = 53
char = 0;code = 48
char = 0;code = 48
char = I;code = 73
char = U;code = 85
char = /;code = 47
char = g;code = 103
char = );code = 41
char = /;code = 47
char = S;code = 83
char = D;code = 68
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = 0;code = 48
char = .;code = 46
char = 2;code = 50
char = 5;code = 53
char = %;code = 37
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = N;code = 78
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = 5;code = 53
char = 0;code = 48
char = 0;code = 48
char = I;code = 73
char = U;code = 85
char = /;code = 47
char = g;code = 103
char = );code = 41
char = /;code = 47
char = S;code = 83
char = L;code = 76
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = 2;code = 50
char = .;code = 46
char = 4;code = 52
char = %;code = 37
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = 1;code = 49
char = .;code = 46
char = 5;code = 53
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = 1;code = 49
char = .;code = 46
char = 7;code = 55
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = F;code = 70
char = U;code = 85
char = /;code = 47
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = 6;code = 54
char = .;code = 46
char = 5;code = 53
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = F;code = 70
char = U;code = 85
char = /;code = 47
char = g;code = 103
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = I;code = 73
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = u;code = 117
char = d;code = 100
char = y;code = 121
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = -;code = 45
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = y;code = 121
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
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char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = -;code = 45
char = p;code = 112
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = k;code = 107
char = e;code = 101
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = c;code = 99
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = ~;code = 126
char = 3;code = 51
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = F;code = 70
char = U;code = 85
char = /;code = 47
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = g;code = 103
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = 8;code = 56
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = e;code = 101
char = k;code = 107
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = 4;code = 52
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = g;code = 103
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = A;code = 65
char = l;code = 108
char = g;code = 103
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = s;code = 115
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result sql = The relatively high prevalence of Listeria monocytogenes in ready-to-eat (RTE) turkey products is of great concern. The overall objective of this study was to develop antimicrobial edible coating formulations to effectively control the growth of this pathogen. The antimicrobials studied were nisin (500IU/g), Novagard CB 1 (0.25%), Guardian NR100 (500ppm), sodium lactate (SL, 2.4%), sodium diacetate (SD, 0.25%), and potassium sorbate (PS, 0.3%). THESE WERE INCORPORATED ALONE OR IN BINARY COMBINATIONS INTO FIVE EDIBLE COATINGS: alginate, kappa-carrageenan, pectin, xanthan gum, and starch. The coatings were applied onto the surface of home-style poached and processed deli turkey discs inoculated with ~3log CFU/g of L. monocytogenes. The turkey samples were then stored at 22 degrees C for 7days. For poached and processed deli turkey, the coatings were found to be equally effective, with pectin being slightly less effective than the others. The most effective poached turkey treatments seemed to be SL (2.4%)/SD (0.25%) and Nisin (500IU/g)/SL (2.4%), which yielded final populations of 3.0 and 4.9log CFU/g respectively compared to the control which was 7.9log CFU/g. For processed deli turkey, the most effective antimicrobial treatments seemed to be Nisin (500IU/g)/SD (0.25%) and Nisin (500IU/g)/SL (2.4%) with final populations of 1.5 and 1.7log CFU/g respectively compared to the control which was 6.5log CFU/g. In the second phase of the study, home-style poached and store-purchased roasted (deli) turkey inoculated with the pathogen at a level of ~3log CFU/g were coated with alginate incorporating selected antimicrobial combinations and stored for 8weeks at 4 degrees C. Alginate coatings supplemented with SL (2.4%)/PS (0.3%) delayed the growth of L. monocytogenes with final counts reaching 4.3log CFU/g (home-style poached turkey) and 6.5log CFU/g (roasted deli turkey) respectively while the counts in their untreated counterparts were significantly higher (P<0.05) reaching 9.9 and 7.9log CFU/g, respectively. This study therefore demonstrates the effectiveness of using alginate-based antimicrobial coatings to enhance the microbiological safety and quality of RTE poultry products during chilled storage.
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result sql = Application of an active alginate coating to control the growth of Listeria monocytogenes on poached and deli turkey products.
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char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = f;code = 102
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = g;code = 103
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = w;code = 119
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = u;code = 117
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = 5;code = 53
char = 0;code = 48
char = 0;code = 48
char = I;code = 73
char = U;code = 85
char = /;code = 47
char = g;code = 103
char = );code = 41
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = N;code = 78
char = o;code = 111
char = v;code = 118
char = a;code = 97
char = g;code = 103
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = B;code = 66
char = ;code = 32
char = 1;code = 49
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = 0;code = 48
char = .;code = 46
char = 2;code = 50
char = 5;code = 53
char = %;code = 37
char = );code = 41
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = G;code = 71
char = u;code = 117
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = N;code = 78
char = R;code = 82
char = 1;code = 49
char = 0;code = 48
char = 0;code = 48
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = 5;code = 53
char = 0;code = 48
char = 0;code = 48
char = p;code = 112
char = p;code = 112
char = m;code = 109
char = );code = 41
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = o;code = 111
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = u;code = 117
char = m;code = 109
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = S;code = 83
char = L;code = 76
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = 2;code = 50
char = .;code = 46
char = 4;code = 52
char = %;code = 37
char = );code = 41
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = o;code = 111
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = u;code = 117
char = m;code = 109
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = S;code = 83
char = D;code = 68
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = 0;code = 48
char = .;code = 46
char = 2;code = 50
char = 5;code = 53
char = %;code = 37
char = );code = 41
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = u;code = 117
char = m;code = 109
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = b;code = 98
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = P;code = 80
char = S;code = 83
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = 0;code = 48
char = .;code = 46
char = 3;code = 51
char = %;code = 37
char = );code = 41
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = >;code = 62
char = T;code = 84
char = H;code = 72
char = E;code = 69
char = S;code = 83
char = E;code = 69
char = ;code = 32
char = W;code = 87
char = E;code = 69
char = R;code = 82
char = E;code = 69
char = ;code = 32
char = I;code = 73
char = N;code = 78
char = C;code = 67
char = O;code = 79
char = R;code = 82
char = P;code = 80
char = O;code = 79
char = R;code = 82
char = A;code = 65
char = T;code = 84
char = E;code = 69
char = D;code = 68
char = ;code = 32
char = A;code = 65
char = L;code = 76
char = O;code = 79
char = N;code = 78
char = E;code = 69
char = ;code = 32
char = O;code = 79
char = R;code = 82
char = ;code = 32
char = I;code = 73
char = N;code = 78
char = ;code = 32
char = B;code = 66
char = I;code = 73
char = N;code = 78
char = A;code = 65
char = R;code = 82
char = Y;code = 89
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = O;code = 79
char = M;code = 77
char = B;code = 66
char = I;code = 73
char = N;code = 78
char = A;code = 65
char = T;code = 84
char = I;code = 73
char = O;code = 79
char = N;code = 78
char = S;code = 83
char = ;code = 32
char = I;code = 73
char = N;code = 78
char = T;code = 84
char = O;code = 79
char = ;code = 32
char = F;code = 70
char = I;code = 73
char = V;code = 86
char = E;code = 69
char = ;code = 32
char = E;code = 69
char = D;code = 68
char = I;code = 73
char = B;code = 66
char = L;code = 76
char = E;code = 69
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = O;code = 79
char = A;code = 65
char = T;code = 84
char = I;code = 73
char = N;code = 78
char = G;code = 71
char = S;code = 83
char = :;code = 58
char = ;code = 32
char = <;code = 60
char = /;code = 47
char = b;code = 98
char = >;code = 62
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = g;code = 103
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = k;code = 107
char = a;code = 97
char = p;code = 112
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = -;code = 45
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = x;code = 120
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = g;code = 103
char = u;code = 117
char = m;code = 109
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = p;code = 112
char = p;code = 112
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = f;code = 102
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = -;code = 45
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = y;code = 121
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = k;code = 107
char = e;code = 101
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = c;code = 99
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = c;code = 99
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = ~;code = 126
char = 3;code = 51
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = F;code = 70
char = U;code = 85
char = /;code = 47
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = L;code = 76
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = c;code = 99
char = y;code = 121
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = k;code = 107
char = e;code = 101
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = a;code = 97
char = m;code = 109
char = p;code = 112
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = 2;code = 50
char = 2;code = 50
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = g;code = 103
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = 7;code = 55
char = d;code = 100
char = a;code = 97
char = y;code = 121
char = s;code = 115
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = F;code = 70
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = k;code = 107
char = e;code = 101
char = y;code = 121
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = q;code = 113
char = u;code = 117
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = f;code = 102
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = g;code = 103
char = h;code = 104
char = t;code = 116
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = f;code = 102
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = s;code = 115
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = f;code = 102
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = k;code = 107
char = e;code = 101
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = e;code = 101
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = S;code = 83
char = L;code = 76
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = 2;code = 50
char = .;code = 46
char = 4;code = 52
char = %;code = 37
char = );code = 41
char = /;code = 47
char = S;code = 83
char = D;code = 68
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = 0;code = 48
char = .;code = 46
char = 2;code = 50
char = 5;code = 53
char = %;code = 37
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = N;code = 78
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = 5;code = 53
char = 0;code = 48
char = 0;code = 48
char = I;code = 73
char = U;code = 85
char = /;code = 47
char = g;code = 103
char = );code = 41
char = /;code = 47
char = S;code = 83
char = L;code = 76
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = 2;code = 50
char = .;code = 46
char = 4;code = 52
char = %;code = 37
char = );code = 41
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = y;code = 121
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = 3;code = 51
char = .;code = 46
char = 0;code = 48
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = 4;code = 52
char = .;code = 46
char = 9;code = 57
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = F;code = 70
char = U;code = 85
char = /;code = 47
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
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char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
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char = c;code = 99
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char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
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char = w;code = 119
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
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char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
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char = 7;code = 55
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char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = F;code = 70
char = U;code = 85
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char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = F;code = 70
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
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char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
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char = t;code = 116
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char = r;code = 114
char = k;code = 107
char = e;code = 101
char = y;code = 121
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char = e;code = 101
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char = m;code = 109
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char = s;code = 115
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char = e;code = 101
char = f;code = 102
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
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char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
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char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
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char = i;code = 105
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
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char = b;code = 98
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char = a;code = 97
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char = t;code = 116
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char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
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char = t;code = 116
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char = s;code = 115
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char = e;code = 101
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
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char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = N;code = 78
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = 5;code = 53
char = 0;code = 48
char = 0;code = 48
char = I;code = 73
char = U;code = 85
char = /;code = 47
char = g;code = 103
char = );code = 41
char = /;code = 47
char = S;code = 83
char = D;code = 68
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = 0;code = 48
char = .;code = 46
char = 2;code = 50
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char = %;code = 37
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
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char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = N;code = 78
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = 5;code = 53
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char = 0;code = 48
char = I;code = 73
char = U;code = 85
char = /;code = 47
char = g;code = 103
char = );code = 41
char = /;code = 47
char = S;code = 83
char = L;code = 76
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = 2;code = 50
char = .;code = 46
char = 4;code = 52
char = %;code = 37
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
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char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
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char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = 1;code = 49
char = .;code = 46
char = 5;code = 53
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = 1;code = 49
char = .;code = 46
char = 7;code = 55
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
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char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = F;code = 70
char = U;code = 85
char = /;code = 47
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
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char = c;code = 99
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char = m;code = 109
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
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char = e;code = 101
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char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
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char = t;code = 116
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char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = 6;code = 54
char = .;code = 46
char = 5;code = 53
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = F;code = 70
char = U;code = 85
char = /;code = 47
char = g;code = 103
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = I;code = 73
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
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char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
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char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
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char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = u;code = 117
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char = y;code = 121
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
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char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
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char = t;code = 116
char = y;code = 121
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char = e;code = 101
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char = o;code = 111
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
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char = e;code = 101
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char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
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char = -;code = 45
char = p;code = 112
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
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char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
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char = o;code = 111
char = a;code = 97
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char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
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char = (;code = 40
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
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char = i;code = 105
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char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = k;code = 107
char = e;code = 101
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char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
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char = c;code = 99
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char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
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char = e;code = 101
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char = w;code = 119
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char = t;code = 116
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char = e;code = 101
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char = a;code = 97
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char = o;code = 111
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char = a;code = 97
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char = ;code = 32
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char = e;code = 101
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char = ;code = 32
char = ~;code = 126
char = 3;code = 51
char = l;code = 108
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char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = F;code = 70
char = U;code = 85
char = /;code = 47
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
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char = e;code = 101
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char = a;code = 97
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char = p;code = 112
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char = a;code = 97
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char = e;code = 101
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char = a;code = 97
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char = i;code = 105
char = m;code = 109
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char = 8;code = 56
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char = e;code = 101
char = e;code = 101
char = k;code = 107
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char = a;code = 97
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char = e;code = 101
char = e;code = 101
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char = C;code = 67
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = A;code = 65
char = l;code = 108
char = g;code = 103
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
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char = a;code = 97
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char = i;code = 105
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char = g;code = 103
char = s;code = 115
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char = s;code = 115
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char = p;code = 112
char = p;code = 112
char = l;code = 108
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char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
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char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = S;code = 83
char = L;code = 76
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = 2;code = 50
char = .;code = 46
char = 4;code = 52
char = %;code = 37
char = );code = 41
char = /;code = 47
char = P;code = 80
char = S;code = 83
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = 0;code = 48
char = .;code = 46
char = 3;code = 51
char = %;code = 37
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
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char = a;code = 97
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char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
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char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
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char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
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char = L;code = 76
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char = m;code = 109
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char = w;code = 119
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char = a;code = 97
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char = g;code = 103
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char = P;code = 80
char = <;code = 60
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char = .;code = 46
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char = C;code = 67
char = F;code = 70
char = U;code = 85
char = /;code = 47
char = g;code = 103
char = ,;code = 44
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char = r;code = 114
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char = s;code = 115
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char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
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char = T;code = 84
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
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char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = u;code = 117
char = d;code = 100
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result sql = The relatively high prevalence of Listeria monocytogenes in ready-to-eat (RTE) turkey products is of great concern. The overall objective of this study was to develop antimicrobial edible coating formulations to effectively control the growth of this pathogen. The antimicrobials studied were nisin (500IU/g), Novagard CB 1 (0.25%), Guardian NR100 (500ppm), sodium lactate (SL, 2.4%), sodium diacetate (SD, 0.25%), and potassium sorbate (PS, 0.3%). THESE WERE INCORPORATED ALONE OR IN BINARY COMBINATIONS INTO FIVE EDIBLE COATINGS: alginate, kappa-carrageenan, pectin, xanthan gum, and starch. The coatings were applied onto the surface of home-style poached and processed deli turkey discs inoculated with ~3log CFU/g of L. monocytogenes. The turkey samples were then stored at 22 degrees C for 7days. For poached and processed deli turkey, the coatings were found to be equally effective, with pectin being slightly less effective than the others. The most effective poached turkey treatments seemed to be SL (2.4%)/SD (0.25%) and Nisin (500IU/g)/SL (2.4%), which yielded final populations of 3.0 and 4.9log CFU/g respectively compared to the control which was 7.9log CFU/g. For processed deli turkey, the most effective antimicrobial treatments seemed to be Nisin (500IU/g)/SD (0.25%) and Nisin (500IU/g)/SL (2.4%) with final populations of 1.5 and 1.7log CFU/g respectively compared to the control which was 6.5log CFU/g. In the second phase of the study, home-style poached and store-purchased roasted (deli) turkey inoculated with the pathogen at a level of ~3log CFU/g were coated with alginate incorporating selected antimicrobial combinations and stored for 8weeks at 4 degrees C. Alginate coatings supplemented with SL (2.4%)/PS (0.3%) delayed the growth of L. monocytogenes with final counts reaching 4.3log CFU/g (home-style poached turkey) and 6.5log CFU/g (roasted deli turkey) respectively while the counts in their untreated counterparts were significantly higher (P<0.05) reaching 9.9 and 7.9log CFU/g, respectively. This study therefore demonstrates the effectiveness of using alginate-based antimicrobial coatings to enhance the microbiological safety and quality of RTE poultry products during chilled storage.
Publication: Int. J. Food Microbiol. 2010 Sep 1 ;142(3)::302-8. :doi: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2010.07.006.
Publication Date: 2010 Sep 1
Study Author(s): Juck, Greg;Neetoo, Hudaa;Chen, Haiqiang;
Institution:
Shortcut link to this study:
Publication Date: 2010 Sep 1
Study Author(s): Juck, Greg;Neetoo, Hudaa;Chen, Haiqiang;
Institution:
Shortcut link to this study:
The relatively high prevalence of Listeria monocytogenes in ready-to-eat (RTE) turkey products is of great concern. The overall objective of this study was to develop antimicrobial edible coating formulations to effectively control the growth of this pathogen. The antimicrobials studied were nisin (500IU/g), Novagard CB 1 (0.25%), Guardian NR100 (500ppm), sodium lactate (SL, 2.4%), sodium diacetate (SD, 0.25%), and potassium sorbate (PS, 0.3%). THESE WERE INCORPORATED ALONE OR IN BINARY COMBINATIONS INTO FIVE EDIBLE COATINGS: alginate, kappa-carrageenan, pectin, xanthan gum, and starch. The coatings were applied onto the surface of home-style poached and processed deli turkey discs inoculated with ~3log CFU/g of L. monocytogenes. The turkey samples were then stored at 22 degrees C for 7days. For poached and processed deli turkey, the coatings were found to be equally effective, with pectin being slightly less effective than the others. The most effective poached turkey treatments seemed to be SL (2.4%)/SD (0.25%) and Nisin (500IU/g)/SL (2.4%), which yielded final populations of 3.0 and 4.9log CFU/g respectively compared to the control which was 7.9log CFU/g. For processed deli turkey, the most effective antimicrobial treatments seemed to be Nisin (500IU/g)/SD (0.25%) and Nisin (500IU/g)/SL (2.4%) with final populations of 1.5 and 1.7log CFU/g respectively compared to the control which was 6.5log CFU/g. In the second phase of the study, home-style poached and store-purchased roasted (deli) turkey inoculated with the pathogen at a level of ~3log CFU/g were coated with alginate incorporating selected antimicrobial combinations and stored for 8weeks at 4 degrees C. Alginate coatings supplemented with SL (2.4%)/PS (0.3%) delayed the growth of L. monocytogenes with final counts reaching 4.3log CFU/g (home-style poached turkey) and 6.5log CFU/g (roasted deli turkey) respectively while the counts in their untreated counterparts were significantly higher (P<0.05) reaching 9.9 and 7.9log CFU/g, respectively. This study therefore demonstrates the effectiveness of using alginate-based antimicrobial coatings to enhance the microbiological safety and quality of RTE poultry products during chilled storage.
PMID: 20678824
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